The items in my office include 2 chairs, 3 book cases, 2 filing cabinets ( 5 drawers each), a main desk and second desk for spreading out my maps, charts, papers being written, and other forms of data. I also have 2 computer terminals, one is a PC, the other is a link to a main frame computer down the hall. I write papers and do light research using my PC, but save the mainframe for number crunching and more elaborate data analysis. I also have a rug, and on the walls I have various posters, paintings and photos to cheer up the view.
I have yet to work in an office where I have had adequate horizontal surfaces to store face up the preprints and copies of articles I am using in a given paper I am writing, or to display charts and other hard copy. I think many astronomers would like to have two large tables they can sprawl their stuff out on, and save their main desks for other things like family photographs, a phone/answering machine, and the like. I have yet to enter an office in which some major portion of the wall space was not covered by some special posters or other graphical material. I like to look up from my work from time to time to look at something 'down to earth'. I prefer indirect lighting, and reserve over head lights for those occasions when I am looking at charts and hard copy. This doesn't happen too often because these days, you tend to display everything on a computer screen.
The file cabinets are used for storing important research papers I have culled over the years from the literature, or have been sent as a pre-print by a colleague. Some astronomers enjoy having a radio/stereo in their office. I have gone back and forth over this but these days I prefer to work in a quiet room, and will even close my office door if there is too much noise outside. When I was younger, I used to prefer listening to rock and roll all in my office all the time. Now I like the peace and quiet, disturbed only by the hum of the fans in my PC. Being an astronomer is somewhat the monastic life of contemplation.
My office also has a comfortable chair I sit in when I am reading a book or research article. My regular chair is not quite as comfortable but I prefer it for 90 percent of my activity. Perhaps it stresses me just enough to keep my mind alert to what I am doing. I cannot imagine doing research from an over stuffed easy chair or recliner. Some astronomers even wear formal office clothes 'shirt and tie' to provide the necessary stress, although for the last 15 years, the preferred clothing style has been very casual, T-shirts, shorts, tennis shoes, denim or levi jeans, no ties etc. A research environment is far less formal than the standard business office.